Genera: Altocumulus – white or grey, or both white and
grey, patch, sheet or layer of cloud, generally with shading, composed
of laminae, rounded masses, rolls etc., which are sometimes partially
fibrous or diffuse and which may or may not be merged; most of the
regularly arranged small elements usually have an apparent width between
one and five degrees.
Rod:
Altocumulus – bijele ili sive, cesto i bijele i sive krpe, plahte ili
slojevi oblaka najcesce osjenceni. Sastavljeni od celija, zaokruzenih
masa, rolni itd. koje su ponekada djelimicno vlaknaste ili difuzne i
koje mogu ali ne moraju biti spojene. Vecina pravilno rasporedjenih
manjih elemenata cesto imaju ociglednu dubinu koja iznosi izmedju 1 i 5
stepeni.
Species: Radiatus – from the Latin radiatus, derived from the verb radiare which expresses the idea of having rays, being radiant. The elements are arranged in straight parallel
bands. Owing to the effect of perspective, these bands seem to converge
toward a point on the horizon, or, when the bands cross the entire sky,
toward two opposite points.
Vrsta: Radiatus – od latinskog radiatus, izvedenice od glagola radiare koji izrazava ideju posjedovanja izbijajucih zraka, biti osvijetljen. Elementi oblaka su rasporedjeni u ravne, paralelne trake. Ovisno o mjestu promatranja, ove trake djeluju kao da se krecu ka tacki na horizontu ili, da trake koje se krizaju preko cijelog neba, krecu se ka dvije suprotne tacke.
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Definition of a cloud:
A cloud is a visible aggregate of minute particles of water or ice, or of both, in the free air. This aggregate may include larger particles of water or ice and particles, such as those present in fumes, smoke or dust.
Definicija oblaka: Oblak je vidljivo agregatno stanje zasicenih cestica vode, leda ili vode i leda, koje se nalaze slobodne u zraku. Mogu biti u pitanju i krupnije cestice vode i leda i cestice poput onih koje su prisutne u dimu, isparenjima ili prasini.
Appearance of clouds:
The appearance of a cloud is determined by the nature, sizes, number and distribution in space of its constituent particles. Appearance is best described in terms of dimensions, shape, structure, texture, luminance and colour of the cloud.
Pojava oblaka tj. njihov izgled je odredjen karakterom, velicinama, kolicinom i raspodjelom cestica koje ga sacinjavaju kroz prostor. Izgled oblaka je najbolje opisan u kroz dimenzije, oblik, strukturu, teksturu, osvjetljenost i boju oblaka.
Classification of clouds:
A classification of the charcteristic forms of clouds, in terms of “genera”, “species” and “varieties” has been established by the WMO(World Meteorological Organisation).
Klasifikacija karakteristicnih oblika oblaka u smislu “rodova”, “vrsta” i “podvrsta” je ostvarena od strane WMO (World Meteorological Organisation) tj. Svjetske Meteoroloske Organizacije.
(I) Genera
The classification is essentially based on 10 main groups, called genera, which are mutually exclusive, that is to say, a given cloud can belong to one genus only. The genera are;
Podjela na rodove je ustvari podjela na 10 osnovnih grupa zvanih rodovi koji su medjusobno posebni, sto znaci da odredjeni oblak moze da pripada samo jednom rodu. Podjela na rodove je slijedeca:
Cirrus – Ci
Cirrocumulus – Cc
Cirrostratus – Cs
Altocumulus -Ac
Altostratus -As
Nimbostratus -Ns
Stratocumulus – Sc
Stratus – St
Cumulus – Cu
Cumulonimbus – Cb
(II) Species
Obseved peculiarities in the shape of clouds and differences in their internal structure have led to the subdivision of most of the cloud genera into species.
Osmotrene pojedinosti u obliku oblaka i njihovih razlika u unutarnjoj strukturi su doveli do podjele vecine rodova oblaka na vrste.
(III) Varieties
Clouds may exhibit special characteristics which determine their variety. These characteristics are related to the different arrangements of the could elements.
Oblaci mogu iskazati posebne karakteristike koje ce da odrede njihove podvrste. Te karakteristike su u vezi sa razlicitim rasporedom elementa oblaka.
(IV) Supplementary cloud features
Dopunske odlike i oblaci pratioci:
1. incus – inc
2. mamma – mam
3. virga – vir
4. praecipitatio – pra
5. arcus – arc
6. tuba – tub
7. pileus – pil
8. velum – vel
9. pannus – pan
